COMPUTER कितने प्रकार के होते है। इसे कैसे यूज़ किया जाता है ।

दोस्तो आज हम जानेंगे कि कंप्यूटर कितने तरह के होते है। और कहा पे इसका इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। कंप्यूटर के बारे में जानते है । 

1. Digital computer.

We are using digital computer . In this kind of computer there are two kinds of voltage pulse ; high ,low . High voltage such as 3 volt referred as 1 and low voltage as 0.  So we can say digital computer work with only 0 and 1 .

2. Analog computer.

It is used to measure speed , weight , earthquakes etc. 

Scientists generally use it . It works with continuous flow of current . A scale in any shop is just the best  example of analog computer.

3. Hybrid computer.

 

It is a  used combination of digtal computer and analog Computer.

According to speed and storage

 

4. Super computer.

 

It is very high-speed  computer used by scientists and govt. Bodies . It is used 

To measure weather forecasting etc. Normally , its speed measured in the term of  MIPS (Millions instruction per second) . India has several super computer named  PARAM, ANUPAM and PARAM PADMA .

5. Mainframe computer.

 

It is less faster then super computer and generally used by huge organization like railway system. Aerodrom system etc. IBMA /400 System is kind of mainframe system.

6. Persnoal Computer.

 

Today Personal Computer  Plays Vital role in human life, due to its increasing speed and storage capacity , normally its speed  is measured in the termsHertz -

Laptop.

It is a mobile computer with  less speed than any personal computer, business persons who regulary visit from one place to another generally use it.

PlamtopIt is very small computer like mobile phone. We can use it to send information throught email or use it like pocket organizer.

HOW COMPUTER WORKS ?

In computer data process in three  phases

INPUT > PROCESS  > OUPTPUT 

 

 In this diagram instruction given by keyboard  or any input devices to  CPU  (Central proessing unit ).

That is also called brain of computer . Out or result will by output devices such as VDU (Visual display unit ).

• Device used to instruct  computer to perform any task is called input device and the devices used to show output called output devices .

• Input devices

Keyboard : 

This is the primary input device of the computer.

The layout of keybord is also called QWERTY. 

• Generally there are 104 buttons in a keybord. 

Now technology has been changed and there are several kinds of keyboards are available with different features.

That kind of keyboard is also called Multimedia keyboard.

Mouse : 

Now mouse is also the most improtant input devices of the computer. It is sometimes called pointing device .

Throught are vast changes in the technology of mouse.

There are several kinds of mouse are available its market.

Ex :

• Optical Mouse

• Scroll Mouse

• Zoom Mouse

• Wireless Mouse

 Radio wave mouse

 Blue tooth mouse

 Infrared mous

  Scanner 

This is also called direct input device.

Through this input device we can scan the picture and store the picture into computer.

 There are several kinds of scanners are available in market.

1. OCR (Optical Character Recorder): It is used to scan text only from and document or page.

2. OMR (Optical Mark Reader):This device is used to real only market character by black or any dark pen. This device is used to check answer sheets of different examination.

3. MICR (Magnetic ink Character Reader): This device is used to read any text written by magnetic ink. In bank this used to read Draft number.

 Joystick

This device is generally used to play video games. Now due to increasing development is the field of gamming. There are several kinds of joystick are available in market . This is mainly used to play game on computer.

Touch pad. : -

Replacement of mouse. Generally built in laptop understands finger movement.

Digitizer : -

Used to draw advanced  graphic. It is some time called graphic tablet. It is used to draw high – end  images.

Voice synthesizer: 

Though this device it is possible to instruct computer orally.

camera: 

It is very important direct input device used to take and put images in computer directly.

Output Devices

Out put devise – devise used to show result product is called output devise.

Ex-     (1)VDU 

           (2)LCD

           (3)Speakers 

           (4)Projector 

           (5)Line Printer 

           (6)Plotter

           (7) Monitor

There are two kinds of output devices.

1. Soft output:. output that is intangible.

2. Hard output : output that is intangible

SOFT OUTPUT DEVICE. 

Devices, which produce soft output

1. VDU(Visual Display unit)

Due to growing technology in input device there are several kinds of display units are several kinds of visual display units are available, Such as.

2. LCD(liquid Crystal display) and 

CRT(Cathode ray tube) monitors. 

3. LDC monitor is sometimes called TFT . It is rapidly replacing old –fashioned CRT monitors.

Speakers

It  is also an important output device. It is used 

to get output as a sound.

 In multimedia computer it is the most important output device.

Projector

It is now widely spreading in market due to its advantage. Through this output device . we can enlarge the image shown on monitor to a large screen so that many people can watch it projector image.

 It is very essential device for those who organize meeting . Seminar etc.

HARD OUTPUT DEVICE.

Device, which produce hard output

We can produce hard output through printer.

 A device used to print soft output on page so that we can carry it and move it around. 

There are several kinds of printers are available in market. 

Broadly we can categorize printer in three parts:

1. Dot Matrix :

This is very fast, reliable;

Low printing cost but very noisy printer. 

It is heavily used by business house where 

Cost effective printer require.

2. Ink jet: 

The printer of this category uses spraying technology. It come into various shapes and sizes with very advanced facilities. Photo printer, PSC(Printer ,scan, copy)printer come into this category. It is generally color printer with very low cost .its printer cost is very high.

3. Laser :

this is also a kind of printer work like any photocopier. It is sometimes called optical printer .it uses same technique as used in any photo copy machine , so its printer cost is very effective. 

Some other printers: -

Line printer: 

It is very fast spend printer generally used in blank when there is heavy transaction .

Plotter : 

It is huge printer used to print board , banner , hording etc. Now this very famous and replacing manual printing of boards and hoardings.

                                                                           SOME IMPORTENT FULL FORM.                                                 

CPU –Central Processing Unit

UPS- Unit Power Supply 

LCD –Liquid Crystal Display

VDU- Visual Display Unit

     

STORAJE DEVISE-

There are two kinds of storage devise 

(1)INTERNAL STORAGE DEVISE 

(ii)EXTERNAL STORAGE DEVISE 

1. Internal Storage Devise 

ROM(Read Only Memory)-

It Is A Memory Chip Built In Mother Board Of Computer . It Stones All Information  About  Computer Hardware .We Can Modify Data  Stored  In ROM  But We Can it Delete The Data Stored In It.

                                                                                                                                                                    RAM  (Random Access Memory)-

It Is A Memory  Of Computer .When We Start Computer  All  Essential File Used To Start Any Program Load Into This Memory.

Cache Memory  

 It Is Also A Types Of Memory Built In CPU It Is Faster Then  Ram It Stores The Most  Free Frequent Instruction To Perform Any Operation.

External Storage Devise.

(1)FLOPPY DISK 

(2)HARDDISK

(3)USB MEMORY 

(4)MAGNETIC TAP

(5)CD 

     (a)Read only

     (b)Read & Write

(6) DVD 

(7)BLUE RAY DISK 

(8)MEMORY CARD 

MEMORY

1024 BITS = 1 KILO BITS    (KB)

1024 KB    = 1 MEGA BIITS (MB)

1024 MB    = 1 GIGA BITS    (GB)

1024 GB    = 1 TERA BITS    (TB)